|
|
REVIEW ARTICLE |
|
Year : 2016 | Volume
: 12
| Issue : 2 | Page : 458-463 |
|
Oral cancer: Etiology and risk factors: A review
Malay Kumar1, Ronak Nanavati2, Tapan G Modi3, Chintan Dobariya4
1 Departments of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Carrier Post graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India 2 Department of Prosthodontics, Ahmedabad Dental College and Hospital, Gujarat University, Santej, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India 3 Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Science and Research Centre, Maa Kamla Charitable Trust, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India 4 Dental Surgeon, Shanti Charitable Trust, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Date of Web Publication | 25-Jul-2016 |
Correspondence Address: Malay Kumar Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Carrier Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Near IIM, Ghailla, Sitapur.Hardoi Bypass Road, Lucknow - 226 020, Uttar Pradesh India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.186696
Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignancy in the world. Oral cancer is of major concern in Southeast Asia primarily because of the prevalent oral habits of betel quid chewing, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Despite recent advances in cancer diagnoses and therapies, the 5.year survival rate of oral cancer patients has remained at a dismal 50% in the last few decades. This paper is an overview of the various etiological agents and risk factors implicated in the development of oral cancer.
Keywords: Etiology, genetic predisposition, nutrition, oral cancer, risk factors, tobacco, viruses
How to cite this article: Kumar M, Nanavati R, Modi TG, Dobariya C. Oral cancer: Etiology and risk factors: A review. J Can Res Ther 2016;12:458-63 |
> Introduction | |  |
The two main factors which influence most diseases are genetic and epigenetic factors. Development of oral or head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and minor salivary gland carcinomas is influenced by both these factors namely tobacco, alcohol, diet and nutrition, viruses, radiation, ethnicity, familial and genetic predisposition, oral thrush, immunosuppression, use of mouthwash, syphilis, dental factors, occupational risks, and mate.
> Epigenetic Factors | |  |
Tobacco
Tobacco consumption continues to prevail as the most important cancer risk as it alone accounts for millions of cancer deaths annually. The neoplastic diseases caused by smoking include cancers of the lung, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, urinary bladder, renal, pelvis, and pancreas. The relationship between smoking and oral cancer has been established firmly by epidemiological studies.[1] The most important carcinogens in tobacco smoke are the aromatic hydrocarbon benz-pyrene and the tobacco-specificnitrosamines (TSNs) namely 4-(nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN). Animal studies have shown that NNK and NNN in the tobacco products cause tumors of the oral cavity, lung, esophagus, and pancreas.NNK, NNN, and their metabolites covalently bind with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of keratinocyte stem cells forming DNA adducts.[2] These adducts are responsible for critical mutations involved in DNA replication. The metabolism of these carcinogens involves oxygenation by P450 enzymes in cytochromes and conjugation by glutathione-S-transferase (GST).[2] Genetic polymorphisms in the genes coding for these enzymes are suspected to play a key role in the genetic predisposition to tobacco-induced head and neck cancers.[3]
Certain other classes of enzymes are involved in the activation or degradation of carcinogens and procarcinogens. They are termed xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs). These enzymes are found mainly in the liver and also in the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract. Many of the XMEs are polymorphic and they strongly influence the individual's biological responses to carcinogens by formation of DNA adducts. Hence, certain XME genotype may increase individual susceptibility to cancer through erroneous carcinogen metabolism leading to increased carcinogen exposure.[2]
The ability to repair carcinogen-induced DNA damage, has also been found to be reduced in head and neck cancer patients.[4] Marijuana, a popular name for dried flowering leaves of the plant Cannabis sativa, is also called bhang or ganja. It is smoked as cigarettes. The cannabinoids release potent carcinogens like benz (o) pyrene, phenols, phytosterols, acids, and terpenes when burnt. Studies have shown that marijuana smoking is not an independent risk factor for oral cancer development.[4] Moreover, tobacco usually forms a part of marijuana smoking mix.[5]
The use of smokeless tobacco (tobacco consumed without combustion) has become prevalent all over the world. Smokeless tobacco is placed inside the oral cavity in contact with the mucous membranes where the nicotine is absorbed to provide the desired effect. Smokeless tobacco has been used in many forms in different parts of the world. For instance, the use of oral snuff (wet or moist snuff) is more common in the west and the MiddleEast. Betel quid chewing, in a variety of forms and various ingredients is widespread in Asia, where it is a custom and cultural habit since tobacco reached India via the Portuguese, who brought it to Europe and Asia from South America. Consumption of smokeless tobacco causes mainly oral precancer and cancer. In Western Europe and North America, the main types of chewing tobacco are plug, loose-leaf, and twist. Their use is declining in these regions, albeit still prevailing in certain subpopulations. Moist snuff (ground tobacco) is particularly common in North America and Scandinavia. The habit of oral snuff (referred to as snuff-dipping) causes a condition called 'snuff-dipper's cancer' classically described as verrucous carcinoma. Snuff, as manufactured in Europe and North America, is very different from snuff-like products used in the Middle East, which are made by small-scale industries.[6]
Betel quid
Betel quid chewing with different ingredients is the most common habit in Southeast Asia, especially in the Indian subcontinent. Betel quid (also referred to as pan or paan) usually contains betelleaf (leaf of Piper betel vine), areca nut, slaked lime, and tobacco. Other ingredients are often added namely, spices such as cardamom, cloves, or aniseed to the quid in India and turmeric in Thailand. Some of the common forms of these mixtures are khaini (tobacco and lime), mishri (burned tobacco), zarda (boiled tobacco), gadakhu (tobacco and molasses), and mawa (tobacco, lime and areca) consumed in different parts of India; nass (tobacco, ash, cotton or sesame oil), naswar/niswar (tobacco, ash and lime) in Central Asia and Middle East; shammah (tobacco, ash and lime) in Saudi Arabia, and toombak (tobacco and sodium bicarbonate) in Sudan. Studies have shown the association of these products with oral cancer development. Studies have shown the association of tobacco chewing with oral cancer and precancer namely leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and oral submucous fibrosis.[7]
Considerable research has been focused in the recent past on the carcinogenic, mutagenic, and genotoxic potential of betel quid ingredients, especially tobacco and areca nut.[8]In vitro studies on oral mucosal fibroblasts using DNA damage, cytotoxicity, and cell proliferation assays have shown that some essential betel quid ingredients are genotoxic, cytotoxic, and also stimulate cell proliferation. It has been shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS), methylating agents, and reactive metabolic intermediates from betel quid induced various kinds of DNA damage.[8]
Alcohol
Alcohol has been implicated in the development of oral cancer. Alcoholic beverages have been considered carcinogenic to humans causing in particular, tumors of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, and liver; although ethanol per se has not been proven carcinogenic in animal studies.[9] Alcohol consumption has been shown to act synergistically with tobacco in the increased risk of development of oral cancer. Few studies have managed to do analysis with patients who drink alcohol but are nonsmokers and in patients who smoke but are nondrinkers.[9] In one such study, alcohol has been found to be an independent risk factor for oral leukoplakia in an Indian population.[10] However, similar studies evaluating the oral epithelial dysplasia occurrence in alcohol drinkers who are nonsmokers, found that the role of alcohol in development of oral epithelial dysplasia is crucial only when considered in conjunction with tobacco.[11] No association of minor salivary gland tumors with heavy smoking or heavy alcohol consumption could be demonstrated by Keller.[12]
Hence, the role of alcohol as an independent factor in oral carcinogenesis is still unclear albeit epidemiological evidence establishes the synergistic role played by alcohol with tobacco. Alcohol is shown to increase the permeability of oral mucosa producing an alteration in morphology characterized by epithelial atrophy, which in turn leads to easier penetration of carcinogens into theoral mucosa.[11]
Substances that have been believed to be carcinogenic to humans have been seen in alcoholic beverages. A few examples are, N-nitroso compounds, mycotoxins, urethane, inorganic arsenic, and others. The major metabolite of alcohol is acetaldehyde whose transformation is mainly carried out by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Acetaldehyde is then oxidized to acetate by means of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Acetaldehyde causes DNA damage in cultured mammalian cells. It interferes with the DNA synthesis and repair. It also induces sister chromatid exchanges and specific gene mutations.[13] Acetaldehyde inhibits the enzyme 6-methylguanitransferase which is responsible for repairing injuries caused by alkylating agents. With all the above ill-effects of acetaldehyde which initiates or promotes tumor formation, increase in acetaldehyde accumulation in the body either due to increase in its production or due to decrease in its elimination, is considered deleterious. Accumulation of acetaldehyde can occur due to increased activity of ADH enzyme activity which is present in oral microflora and in the oral mucosa.[13] ADH type-3 genotypes cause rapid oxidation of alcohol to acetaldehyde and these individuals are predisposed to oral cancer. Alternately, reduction in ALDH enzyme can also lead to accumulation of acetaldehyde. Genetic polymorphisms have been reported in these two enzymes, ADH and ALDH, which have been related to the increased risk of alcohol-related cancers.[14]
The systemic effects of alcohol are mainly due to the hepatic damage. Alcohol addiction leading to cirrhosis and other diseases (e.g., cardiomyopathy, stroke, and dementia) inhibits the detoxification of carcinogenic compounds such as N-nitrosodiethylamine.[14] Chronic alcoholics tend to have reduced intake of nutrients due to the metabolic processes being occupied in the transformation of ethanol and the proper metabolism of nutrients is altered. This enhances nutritional deficiencies thereby increasing the risk of cancer. Chronic alcohol intake also leads to suppression of immune systemby affecting liver and nutritional status.[15]
Diet and Nutrition
The relationship between diet and nutrition to the risk of cancer development has been established by several epidemiological and laboratory studies.[16] The working group of International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has affirmed that low intake of fruits and vegetables predisposes to increased risk of cancer development. More frequent consumption of fruit and vegetables, particularly of carrots, fresh tomatoes, and green peppers were associated with reduced risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Food and food groups other than fruits and raw vegetables that have a protective effect are fish, vegetable oil, olive oil, bread, cereals, legumes, protein, fat, fresh meat, chicken, liver, shrimp, lobster, and fiber.[16]
Certain food groups have been shown to be associated with higher risk of oral cancer namely processed meats, cakes and desserts, butter, eggs, soups, red meat, salted meat, cheese, pulses, polenta, pasta or rice, millet, and corn bread. The evidence from the above studies however does not allow authoritative attribution of either the benefit or the drawback to a specific ingredient in the food.[17]
This has contributed to the significant interest in studies focusing on the macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, fat, and cholesterol) and micronutrients (vitamins and their analogs (13-cis retinoic acid and β-D-glucopyranosly ascorbic acid (AA)) and trace elements) present in the food groups that are protective against cancer. Considerable evidence has shown that certain micronutrients decrease the risk of oral cancer development. They include vitamins A (retinol), C (AA), and E (α-tocopherol); carotenoids (β-carotene); potassium; and selenium (38–43). β-carotene, retinol, retinoids, vitamin C (AA), and vitamin E (α-tocopherol) are antioxidants that are essential in reducing free radical reactions that can cause DNA mutations, changes in enzymatic activity, and lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes.[16]
β-carotene, a major form of provitamin A, are converted to vitamin A in the body. There are over 600 carotenoids in the human body of which only 10% are precursors of vitamin A. Although all the mechanisms involved in the anticarcinogenic activity of carotenoids are not known, these agents serve as antioxidants, prooxidants, enhances the immune response, inhibits mutagenesis, reduces the induced nuclear damage (micronuclei), prevents sister chromatid exchanges, protects from various neoplastic events, and protects against photo-induced tissue damage.[18]
A direct cause–effect relationship between β-carotene and risk of oral cancer has not been elucidated. This is not feasible as the cancer prevention activity of any substance could be proven only by large-scale randomized, controlled clinical trial lasting for decades. However, β-carotene supplements have been shown to increase the incidence of lung cancers in smokers .[19] Owing to the difficulty in conduction of large-scale prevention trials, considerable interest was shown in the search for intermediate biomarkers which are usually measurable histologic, biochemical, genetic, or other markers that occur during cancer development and which when displayed, places an individual at a higher risk. Several treatment trials with β-carotene have been done in oral precancer and cancer and have shown considerable success rates. Remission or regression of oral leukoplakia using β-carotene only or with vitamin A has been shown in many studies.[20] β-carotene is a nontoxic antioxidant to humansand is highly suitable for chemoprevention trials than retinoids such as 13-cis-retinoic acid which exhibit toxicity.[20]
Vitamin E has been shown to prevent tumor formation in Hamsters and this has been attributed to the stimulation of potent immune response by vitamin E and vitamin E has also been shown to have the potential to reduce oxidative damage caused by hydroxyl radicals. Clinical intervention trials with α-tocopherol, which is a nontoxic antioxidant like β-carotene, have shown much promise with oral cancer and precancer. However, treatment trials with α-tocopherol have to be done with caution as high concentrations (80µmol) of vitamin E has been shown to promote skin tumor formation.[20]
AA, an antioxidant, decreases nitrosation by preventing the formation of nitrosamines, thereby acting as a chemopreventive agent. It also affects the activity of leukocytes and macrophages. AA is also involved in the activity of cytochrome P450 which is important in the inactivation of potent carcinogens and metabolic activation of procarcinogens.[21] There has been no study reported on the sole use of AA in the treatment of oral leukoplakia. The association between AA and oral cancer is based on the dietary assessments that low intake of fruits and vegetables which are usually rich in vitamin C predisposed to increased risk of oral cancer.[21]
Cultural risk factors and dietary factors seem to interplay in the development of oral cancer and precancer. Studies have shown the association between smoking and lowering of serum levels of nutrients.[22] For instance, cigarette smokers had lower levels of β-carotene than nonsmokers and also smoking modified the association between dietary and serum β-carotene. The habit of quid chewing also has been shown to reduce serum levels of vitamins A, C, and B12; folate; and β-carotene in quid chewers than non-quid-chewers.[22]
Mouthwash
The use of mouthwash has also been implicated to cause oral cancer. Mouthwashes usually contains alcohol as a solvent for other ingredients or as a preservative. Epidemiological evidence demonstrates that the risk of mouthwash causing oral cancer is attributed to the frequency and duration of use and its alcohol content. However, there is no cause–effect relationship found between mouthwash and oral cancer. Nevertheless, the dental clinicians must be prudent while advocating mouthwashes/rinses with high alcohol content.[15]
Maté
Maté, which is a tea-like beverage consumed in South America and in parts of Europe has been shown to be an independent cause for development of oral and pharyngeal cancers. The exact pathogenesis of maté predisposing to oral cancer is still unknown. Many reasons that have proposed for maté's carcinogenicity are thermal injury, solvent for other chemical carcinogens, and presence of tannins and N-nitroso compounds.[23]
> Environmental Factors | |  |
Viral Infections
Viruses have been strongly implicated in the development of malignant tumors of the squamous epithelia including the oral squamous epithelium. Viral infections of latent or chronic nature are usually responsible for inducing malignant transformation by interfering with the host's cell cycle machinery. These viral genes and gene products may affect cell growth and proliferation. Certain viral genes are proto-oncogenes which become oncogenes when inserted into the host's DNA and ultimately resulting in malignant transformation. The prototypic viruses implicated in oral cancer development are human herpes virus (mainly Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)), human papillomavirus (HPV), and herpes simplex virus.[24]
EBV causes oral hairy leukoplakia and “lymphoproliferative disease” in immunosuppressed patients. The causal relationship of EBV with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still unclear. Prevalence studies have shown presence of EBV in OSCC patients, but it does not prove a causal association. One frequently investigated etiologic relationship about the cause of minor salivary gland tumors concerns the association of EBV, with the form of salivary gland carcinoma, often referred to as malignant lymphoepithelial lesion. This type of tumor is extremely rare among people who are not of Asian extraction.[25] One study has demonstrated the presence of DNA from EBV in an adenocarcinoma of the submandibular gland in a Finnish child. As noted by Scully, some spontaneous salivary gland adenocarcinomas in animals reveal the presence of viral particles.[26]
HPV are the most common viruses implicated in oral carcinogenesis. HPV are DNA viruses and are epitheliotropic, especially for squamous epithelia. They cause benign proliferative lesions such as papillomas, condyloma acuminatum, verruca vulgaris, and focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease). Certain HPV types, referred to as 'high-risk' types are associated with OSCC and oral premalignant lesions. They are HPVs 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, and 39. The major evidence of the role of HPV in cancer development is that their genes and gene products are capable of disturbing the cell cycle machinery. HPV encodes two major oncoproteins namely, E6 and E7. The E6 and E7 proteins have been shown to bind and destroy p53 and Rb tumor suppressor genes, respectively, thereby disrupting the cell cycle with loss of control on DNA replication, DNA repair, and apoptosis. HPV has been detected in OSCC, dysplasia, and other benign lesions using various techniques. Some studies have shown HPV presence in normal oral mucosa making the role of HPV in oral carcinogenesis speculative.[27]
Moreover, HPV 16, which is the most common type found in genital cancers were also the most common in oral cancers, which clearly indicates the possible source of HPV infection in the oral cavity. HSV has not been proven to be the direct cause of oral cancer, although several studies show that oral cancer patients have high serum antibody titers to HSV. The available evidences are circumstantial and are rationalized that reactivation of HSV infection is due to immunosuppression, specifically of natural killer lymphocyte activity. Based on the evidence of in vitro studies, the possible role of HSV in carcinogenesis has been proposed as the enhancement of activation, amplification, and overexpression of preexisting oncogenes such as c-myc and c-erb-B-1.[28]
Fungal Infections
Fungal infections caused by Candida species, in particular, Candida albicans has been implicated in the pathogenesis of oral premalignant lesions. Superficial fungal hyphae of Candida albicans have been found superimposed on leukoplakia, especially nodular leukoplakia, many of which have undergone malignant transformation. The doubt of whether Candida invasion is a secondary event or causal in oral premalignant lesions is still uncertain and debatable. Candida species are commensals in the oral cavity which become opportunistic during host's immunosuppression due to systemic diseases or drug therapy. Besides immunocompromised individuals, Candida infection can coexist or be associated with other risk factors like irondeficiency and in chronic smokers which may prove synergistic in the development of oral cancer. There is evidence that Candida possesses necessary enzymes fromdietary substances to produce nitrosamines and chemicals that have been implicated in carcinogenesis. A recent study showed relationship between oral yeast carriage and epithelial dysplasia yet again, the actual role of yeast in the development of epithelial dysplasia is uncertain.[29]
> Immunosuppression | |  |
Immunosuppressed individuals are more prone to develop oral cancers. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are predisposed to developing Kaposi's sarcoma and lymphomas, although not to OSCC. Immunosuppressed organ transplant patients have been shown to develop lip cancers and the possible reason was attributed to increased exposure to solar radiation and other risk factors such as smoking. However, the direct role of immunosuppression with lip cancer development was not proven in the studies.[30]
Occupational Risks
Occupational risks, namely exposure to excessive solar radiation/ultraviolet (UV) light is known to cause lip cancers. UV rays also causes actinic cheilitis which may transform to OSCCs. Sulfur dioxide, asbestos, pesticide exposures, and mists from strong inorganic acids and burning of fossil fuels have also been known to cause cancers of posterior mouth, pharynx, and larynx.[31] Certain occupations have been reported to place people at increased risk for the development of salivary gland carcinomas; these include manufacturing of rubber products, plumbing (exposure of metals), and woodworking in an automobile industry.[32]
Dental Factors
Poor oral hygiene, poor dental status (sharp/fractured teeth due to caries/trauma), and chronic ulceration from an ill-fitting denture has been suggested to promote neoplasm in the presence of other risk factors. There has been difficulty in obtaining the evidence whether dental factors influence oral cancer development. This is due to the presence of coexisting risk factors like smoking and alcohol consumption. Nevertheless, an experimental study in hamsters has shown that chronic trauma in addition to carcinogen application could promote tumor development. In this study, mechanical irritation by scratching with a pulp cleaner has been shown to significantly increase the incidence of a chemical carcinogen-induced tongue carcinoma.[33] Therefore, it is prudent to closely monitor patients with known risk factors for signs and symptoms of irritation from teeth and appliances.
Syphilis
Tertiary syphilis had been known to predispose to the development of oral cancer along with other risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol. However, nowadays, tertiary syphilis is rare in clinical practice as the infection is diagnosed and treated before the onset of tertiary stage.[34]
Radiation
Substantial evidence exists for a relationship between exposure to ionizing radiation and the later development of salivary gland tumors. The tumorigenic effects of therapeutic radiation to the head and neck on the salivary gland tissue have been assessed at the Michel Reese Hospital in Chicago. The mean annual incidence per 100,000 people was 48 cases in an early period, but increased to 77 per 100,000 people later in the study.[35]
Hoffman et al., studied a limited number of patients who were treated for hyperthyroidism with radioiodine. They observed an elevated risk of cancer in organs that concentrated iodine (salivary gland, digestive tract, kidney, and bladder). The relative risk in the salivary glands was increased by 6.4-fold.[36]
> Genetic Factors | |  |
Genetic predisposition has been shown to be an important risk factor in the development of OSCC. A study by Copper et al., who followed up first-degree relatives of 105 head and neck cancer patients, found that 31 of these subjects developed cancers of respiratory tract and upper aerodigestive tract.[37] However, population-based studies to determine the genetic or familial disposition to oral cancers are limited by the coexisting risk factors like smoking and alcohol. It is also believed that certain individuals inherit the susceptibility of inability to metabolize carcinogens or procarcinogens and/or an impaired ability to repair the DNA damage. As discussed earlier about the metabolism of tobacco carcinogens, genetic polymorphisms in the genes coding for the enzymes (P450 enzymes and XMEs) responsible for tobacco carcinogen metabolism are suspected to play key role in the genetic predisposition to tobacco-induced head and neck cancers.[38]
> Conclusion | |  |
It is clear from the above review that several risk factors are implicated in the development of oral cancer, of which the most common and established are tobacco smoking and betel quid chewing. Nevertheless, many patients are diagnosed with oral cancer despite abstaining from known lifestyle or environmental risk factors where factors like genetic susceptibility are believed to play the causative role. Hence, it is important for the public and the clinicians to be completely aware of the risk factors for oral cancer and it is prudent for dentists to look carefully for early signs of oral cancer, while routine examination of the oral cavity especially in patients with history of known risk factors.
> References | |  |
1. | Gupta PC, Murti PR, Bhonsle RB, Mehta FS, Pindborg JJ. Effect of cessation of tobacco use on the incidence of oral mucosal lesions in a 10-yr follow-up study of 12,212 users. Oral Dis 1995;1:54-8. |
2. | Warnakulasuriya KA, Johnson NW, Linklater KM, Bell J. Cancer of mouth, pharynx and nasopharynx in Asian and Chinese immigrants resident in Thames regions. Oral Oncol 1999;35:471-5. |
3. | Scully C, Field JK, Tanzawa H Genetic aberrations in oral or head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN): 1. Carcinogen metabolism, DNA repair and cell cycle control. Oral Oncol 2000;36:256-63. |
4. | Warnakulasuriya KA, Ralhan R. Clinical, pathological, cellular and molecular lesions caused by oral smokeless tobacco--a review. J Oral Pathol Med 2007;36:63-77. |
5. | IARC Global cancer rates could increase by 50% to 15 million by 2020. IARC Press; 2003. Release No. 145. |
6. | Mehta FS, Gupta PC, Daftary DK, Pindborg JJ, Choksi SK An epidemiologic study of oral cancer and precancerous conditions among 101,761 villagers in Maharashtra, India. Int J Cancer 1972;10:134-41. |
7. | Axell T Occurrence of leukoplakia and some other oral white lesions among 20,333 adult Swedish people. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1987;15:46-51. |
8. | Hecht SS. Tobacco carcinogens, their biomarkers and tobacco-induced cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2003;3:733-44. |
9. | International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Tobacco habits other than smoking; betel- quid and areca-nut chewing; and some areca-nut-derived nitrosamines. Vol. 37. Lyon: IARC; 1985. p. 188. |
10. | Jafarey NA, Mahmood Z, Zaidi SH. Habits and dietary pattern of cases of carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx. J Pak Med Assoc 1977;27:340-3.  [ PUBMED] |
11. | IARC IARC Monographs Programme Declares Second-Hand Smoke Carcinogenic To Humans. 2002; IARC Press Release No. 141. |
12. | Keller AZ. Residence, age, race and related factors in the survival and associations with salivary tumors. Am J Epidemiol 1969;90:269-77.  [ PUBMED] |
13. | Evstifeeva TV, Zaridze DG. Nass use, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and risk of oral and oesophageal precancer. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol 1992;28B: 29-35. |
14. | Murti PR, Bhonsle RB, Pindborg JJ, Daftary DK, Gupta PC, Mehta FS. Malignant transformation rate in oral submucous fibrosis over a 17-year period. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1985;13:340-1.  [ PUBMED] |
15. | Hashibe M, Mathew B, Kuruvilla B, Thomas G, Sankaranarayanan R, Parkin DM, et al. Chewing tobacco, alcohol, and the risk of erythroplakia. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2000;9:639-45. |
16. | Jeng JH, Chang MC, Hahn LJ. Role of areca nut in betel quid-associated chemical carcinogenesis: Current awareness and future perspectives. Oral Oncol 2001;37:477-92. |
17. | Bernzweig E, Payne JB, Reinhardt RA, Dyer JK, Patil KD. Nicotine and smokeless tobacco effects on gingival and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Clin Periodontol 1998;25:246-52. |
18. | Jaber MA, Porter SR, Gilthorpe MS, Bedi R, Scully C. Risk factors for oral epithelial dysplasia-the role of smoking and alcohol. Oral Oncol 1999;35:151-6. |
19. | Tolbert PE, Shy CM, Allen JW. Micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies in buccal smears: A field test in snuff users. Am J Epidemiol 1991;134:840-50. |
20. | Soler M, Bosetti C, Franceschi S, Negri E, Zambon P, Talamini R, et al. Fiber intake and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and esophageal cancer. Int J Cancer 2001;91:283-7. |
21. | Warnakulasuriya KA. Smoking and chewing habits in Sri Lanka. Implications for oral cancer and precancer. In: Gupta PC, Hamner JE, Murti PR, editors. Control of tobacco- related cancers and other diseases. Vol. 24. International symposium. Bombay: Oxford University Press; 2012. p. 113-8. |
22. | De Stefani E, Ronco A, Mendilaharsu M, Deneo-Pellegrini H. Diet and risk of cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract-II. Nutrients. Oral Oncol 1999;35:22-6. |
23. | Dikshit RP, Kanhere S. Tobacco habits and risk of lung, oropharyngeal and oral cavity cancer: A population-based case-control study in Bhopal, India. Int J Epidemiol 2000;29:609-14. |
24. | Negri E, Franceschi S, Bosetti C, Levi F, Conti E, Parpinel M, et al. Selected micronutrients and oral and pharyngeal cancer. Int J Cancer 2000;86:122-7. |
25. | James PD, Ellis IO. Malignant epithelial tumors associated with autoimmune sialadenitis. J Clin Pathol 1986;39:497-502.  [ PUBMED] |
26. | Karja I, Syrjanen S, Usenious T, Vornanen M, Collan Y. Oral cancer in children under 15 years of age: A Clinicopathologic and Virological study. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 2008;449:145-9. |
27. | Sankaranarayanan R, Mathew B, Varghese C, Sudhakaran PR, Menon V, Jayadeep A, et al. Chemoprevention of oral leukoplakia with vitamin A and beta carotene: An assessment. Oral Oncol 1997;33:231-6. |
28. | Benner SE, Winn RJ, Lippman SM, Poland J, Hansen KS, Luna MA, et al. Regression of oral leukoplakia with alpha-tocopherol: A community clinical oncology program chemoprevention study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:44-7. |
29. | Stryker WS, Kaplan LA, Stein EA, Stampfer MJ, Sober A, Willett WC. The relation of diet, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption to plasma beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol levels. Am J Epidemiol 1988;127:283-96. |
30. | Zain RB, Fukano F, Razak IA, Shanmuhasuntharam P, Ikeda N, Rahman ZA. Risk factors for oral leukoplakia: A comparison of two ethnic groups in Malaysia. Vol. 37. Oral Oncol. India: Macmillan; 1999. p. 207-10. |
31. | Cruz I, Van Den Brule AJ, Brink AA, Snijders PJ, Walboomers JM, Van Der Waal I, et al. No direct role for Epstein-Barr virus in oral carcinogenesis: A study at the DNA, RNA and protein levels. Int J Cancer 2000;86:356-61. |
32. | Swanson GM, Belle SH. Cancer morbidity among woodworkers in the U.S. automotive industry. J Occup Med 1982;24:315-9. |
33. | Ke LD, Adler-Storthz K, Mitchell MF, Clayman GL, Chen Z. Expression of human papillomavirus E7 mRNA in human oral and cervical neoplasia and cell lines. Oral Oncol 1999;35:415-20. |
34. | Herrero R, Castellsague X, Pawlita M, Lissowska J, Kee F, Balaram P, et al. IARC Multicenter Oral Cancer Study Group. Human papillomavirus and oral cancer: The International Agency for Research on Cancer multicenter study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2003;95:1772-83. |
35. | Shore-Freeman E, Abrahams C, Recant W, Schneider AB. Neurilemmomas and salivary gland tumors of the head and neck following childhood irradiation. Cancer 1983;51:2159-63. |
36. | Hoffman DA, McConahey WM, Fraumeni JF Jr, Kurland LT. Cancer incidence following treatment of hyperthyroidism. Int J Epidemiol 1982;11:218-24.  [ PUBMED] |
37. | Copper MP, Jovanovic A, Nauta JJ, Braakhuis BJ, de Vries N, van der Waal I, et al. Role of genetic factors in the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995;121:157-60. |
38. | Hernandez G, Arriba L, Jimenez C, Bagan JV, Rivera B, Lucas M, et al. Rapid progression from oral leukoplakia to carcinoma in an immunosuppressed liver transplant recipient. Oral Oncol 2003;39:87-90. |
This article has been cited by | 1 |
A standalone approach to utilize telomere length measurement as a surveillance tool in oral leukoplakia |
|
| Jagannath Pal, Yogita Rajput, Shruti Shrivastava, Renuka Gahine, Varsha Mungutwar, Tripti Barardiya, Ankur Chandrakar, Pinaka Pani Ramakrishna, Sovna Shivani Mishra, Hansa Banjara, Vivek Choudhary, Pradeep K. Patra, Masood A. Shammas | | Molecular Oncology. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 2 |
Stigma and related influencing factors in postoperative oral cancer patients in China: a cross-sectional study |
|
| Chuxia Tan, Chenxi Zhong, Ranran Mei, Ronghong Yang, Dangdang Wang, Xianjiao Deng, Shihao Chen, Man Ye | | Supportive Care in Cancer. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 3 |
Development of gene signature and nomogram for diagnosis and prognosis of oral carcinoma |
|
| Qiuye Yang, Lei Yan | | Archives of Oral Biology. 2022; 136: 105375 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 4 |
Linc-ROR genetic variants are associated with the advanced disease in oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Mathew Maria Rose, Shankar Dhamodharan, Govindaswamy Bharath, Kannan Murali, Shanmugam Subbiah, Lakkakula VKS Bhaskar, Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan, Arasambattu Kannan Munirajan | | Archives of Oral Biology. 2022; : 105428 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 5 |
Rise in oral cancer risk factors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic mandates a more diligent approach to oral cancer screening and treatment |
|
| Sapna Nath, Jack Ferreira, Abigail McVicar, Temitope Oshilaja, Brian Swann | | The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 6 |
Nuclear receptors in oral cancer-emerging players in tumorigenesis |
|
| Shailendra Kumar Gangwar, Aviral Kumar, Sandra Jose, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, Mohamed Abbas, Gautam Sethi, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara | | Cancer Letters. 2022; : 215666 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 7 |
Predisposing factors for increased cortisol levels in oral cancer patients |
|
| Jéssica Araújo Figueira, Bruna Amélia Moreira Sarafim-Silva, Gislene Maria Gonçalves, Laerte Nivaldo Aranha, Flávia Lombardi Lopes, José Eduardo Corrente, Éder Ricardo Biasoli, Glauco Issamu Miyahara, Daniel Galera Bernabé | | Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2022; : 100110 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 8 |
La patología lingual |
|
| Ana Poveda Gallego | | FMC - Formación Médica Continuada en Atención Primaria. 2022; 29(5): 256 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 9 |
An empirical review on the risk factors, therapeutic strategies and materials at nanoscale for the treatment of oral malignancies |
|
| Parveez Ahamed Abdul Azees, Suganthy Natarajan, Bennett T. Amaechi, Nooruddin Thajuddin, Vinay B. Raghavendra, Kathirvel Brindhadevi, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi | | Process Biochemistry. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 10 |
Intercalating methylene blue in molecular beacon for sensitive detection of salivary TNF-a towards early diagnosis of oral cancer |
|
| Siyi Zou, Hui Wei, Xiaolin Cui, Wing Cheung Mak, Xuejin Li, Guozhen Liu | | Sensors & Diagnostics. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 11 |
The Level of Knowledge of Dental Profession Students of Universitas Airlangga on Leukoplakia as an Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder: An Observational Analytic Cross-Sectional Study |
|
| Rosalyn Surya Dewi, Nurina Febriyanti Ayuningtyas, Saka Winias, Desiana Radithia, Rosnah binti Zain, Rafdan Affan Ahmada, Kelvin Alfan Nola Anggrarista, Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo | | Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 12 |
lncRNA TUG1 promotes the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway by sponging miR-593-3p |
|
| Lei Jiang, Bing Zhou, Dongjie Fu, Bo Cheng | | Cell Cycle. 2022; : 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 13 |
Naringenin induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated cell apoptosis and autophagy in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells |
|
| Ju-Fang Liu, Tsung-Ming Chang, Po-Han Chen, Jaster Szu-Wei Lin, Yih-Jeng Tsai, Hsing-Mei Wu, Chia-Jung Lee | | Journal of Food Biochemistry. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 14 |
Details of Cancer Education Programs for Adolescents and Young Adults and Their Effectiveness: A Scoping Review |
|
| Kumi Suzuki, Masako Yamanaka, Yoko Minamiguchi, Naoko Hayashi, Eiko Yamauchi, Akiko Fukawa, Yasuhiro Tsuda, Yasuhito Fujisaka, Tomoki Doi, Ikue Shiino, Yuko Tomari | | Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 15 |
LncRNA HOXD-AS1 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma by sponging miR-203a-5p |
|
| Yuchao Zhang, Feng Wang, Yang Yu | | Oral Diseases. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 16 |
Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Anticancer Decoction Combined with Basic Chemotherapy and Nursing Intervention on Oral Cancer Patients after Surgery and Its Effect on Tumor Markers and Immune Function |
|
| Dan Jiang, Fengying Xiao, Lihua Liu, Zhen Meng, Chengwei Zhang, Yue Gu | | BioMed Research International. 2022; 2022: 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 17 |
A TRP Family Based Signature for Prognosis Prediction in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
|
| Fangfang Pan, Kai Wang, Mengmeng Zheng, Yuan Ren, Wenjuan Hao, Jiangyu Yan, Jimei Wang | | Journal of Oncology. 2022; 2022: 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 18 |
Synergistic association between underweight and type 2 diabetes on the development of laryngeal cancer: a national population-based retrospective cohort study |
|
| Oh. Hyeong Lee, Yong-Moon Park, Seung-Hyun Ko, Kyuna Lee, Yeonji Kim, Kyungdo Han, Jung-Hae Cho | | BMC Cancer. 2022; 22(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 19 |
MicroRNA-485-5p targets keratin 17 to regulate oral cancer stemness and chemoresistance via the integrin/FAK/Src/ERK/ß-catenin pathway |
|
| Te-Hsuan Jang, Wei-Chieh Huang, Shiao-Lin Tung, Sheng-Chieh Lin, Po-Ming Chen, Chun-Yu Cho, Ya-Yu Yang, Tzu-Chen Yen, Guo-Hsuen Lo, Shuang-En Chuang, Lu-Hai Wang | | Journal of Biomedical Science. 2022; 29(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 20 |
Liquid biopsy as a diagnostic and prognostic tool — A systematic review |
|
| Jaydeepa Basak, Syeda Arshiya Ara | | IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging. 2022; 7(4): 174 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 21 |
Computational simulations of identified marine-derived natural bioactive compounds as potential inhibitors of oral cancer |
|
| Prabhu Manickam Natarajan, Vidhya Rekha Umapathy, Anita Murali, Bhuminathan Swamikannu | | Future Science OA. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 22 |
Real-world Treatment Patterns and Outcomes with Systemic Therapies in Unresectable Locally Advanced and Metastatic Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Germany |
|
| Felix Kramb, Christoph Doerfer, Andreas Meiwes, Karthik Ramakrishnan, Thomas Eigentler, Claus Garbe, Ulrike Keim, Ulrike Leiter | | Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 2022; 102: adv00637 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 23 |
Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Candidate Biomarkers for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
|
| Zhengqing Wan, Haofeng Xiong, Xian Tan, Tong Su, Kun Xia, Danling Wang | | Frontiers in Oncology. 2022; 11 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 24 |
Genomic and Molecular Signatures of Successful Patient-Derived Xenografts for Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
|
| Wei-Chen Yen, Ian Yi-Feng Chang, Kai-Ping Chang, Chun-Nan Ouyang, Chiao-Rou Liu, Ting-Lin Tsai, Yi-Cheng Zhang, Chun-I Wang, Ya-Hui Wang, Alice L. Yu, Hsuan Liu, Chih-Ching Wu, Yu-Sun Chang, Jau-Song Yu, Chia-Yu Yang | | Frontiers in Oncology. 2022; 12 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 25 |
Patient Characteristics in Oral Cancer Staging |
|
| Matthew J. Hoffman, Demetria D. Hale, Elijah W. Hale | | Frontiers in Oral Health. 2022; 3 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 26 |
Platelet and Cancer-Cell Interactions Modulate Cancer-Associated Thrombosis Risk in Different Cancer Types |
|
| Ana-Luisa Palacios-Acedo, Mélanie Langiu, Lydie Crescence, Diane Mčge, Christophe Dubois, Laurence Panicot-Dubois | | Cancers. 2022; 14(3): 730 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 27 |
Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination and Oropharyngeal Cancer: Knowledge, Perception and Attitude among Italian Pediatric Dentists |
|
| Tiziana Cantile, Stefania Leuci, Andrea Blasi, Noemi Coppola, Roberto Sorrentino, Gianmaria Fabrizio Ferrazzano, Michele Davide Mignogna | | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(2): 790 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 28 |
The World of Oral Cancer and Its Risk Factors Viewed from the Aspect of MicroRNA Expression Patterns |
|
| Ovidiu Aghiorghiesei, Oana Zanoaga, Andreea Nutu, Cornelia Braicu, Radu Septimiu Campian, Ondine Lucaciu, Ioana Berindan Neagoe | | Genes. 2022; 13(4): 594 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 29 |
Oral squamous cell carcinoma in coca chewers from a north region of Argentina: A case series and review of literature |
|
| Ignacio Molina-Avila, AndreaArellano Rojas, Gerardo Gilligan, Karina Cordero-Torres | | Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 2022; 26(5): 124 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 30 |
The Impact of COVID-19 on Oral Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review |
|
| Riccardo Pulcini, Silvia D'Agostino, Marco Dolci, Alessandra Bissioli, Lucia Caporaso, Francesca Iarussi | | Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science. 2022; 2(2): 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 31 |
Nanopore Sequencing Technology in Oral Oncology: A Comprehensive Insight |
|
| Shankargouda Patil, Dominic Augustine, SV Sowmya, Vanishri C Haragannavar, Neethi Gujjar, Afrah Yousef, Suman Kashyap | | The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice. 2022; 23(2): 268 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 32 |
A Study on Knowledge Related to Oral Cancer and Attitude towards Screening among Patients Attending a Rural Hospital in West Bengal |
|
| Arpan Kumar Ghorui, Bobby Paul, Lina Bandyopadhyay | | Healthline. 2021; 12(4): 84 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 33 |
Comparative sera proteomics analysis of differentially expressed proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Yin-Ling Wong, Anand Ramanathan, Kar Mun Yuen, Wan Mahadzir Wan Mustafa, Mannil Thomas Abraham, Keng Kiong Tay, Zainal Ariff Abdul Rahman, Yeng Chen | | PeerJ. 2021; 9: e11548 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 34 |
Favorable Lip and Oral Cancer Mortality-to-Incidence Ratios in Countries with High Human Development Index and Expenditures on Health |
|
| Wen-Wei Sung, Yong-Chen Hsu, Chen Dong, Ying-Ching Chen, Yu-Chi Chao, Chih-Jung Chen | | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(11): 6012 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 35 |
Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Alone or Jointly with Human Papillomavirus Associates with Down-Regulation of miR-145 in Oral Squamous-Cell Carcinoma |
|
| Chukkris Heawchaiyaphum, Tipaya Ekalaksananan, Natcha Patarapadungkit, Suchin Worawichawong, Chamsai Pientong | | Microorganisms. 2021; 9(12): 2496 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 36 |
Primary tumour characteristics poorly correlate with extracapsular spread and cervical sublevel IIb metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and clinically N0 neck: A retrospective study |
|
| AkhileshKumar Singh, RathindraNath Bera, Janani Anandkumar, Aswathi Krishnan, Ravina Rajpoot | | Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery. 2021; 0(0): 0 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 37 |
Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination in Oral Disease |
|
| Sachio Tsuchida, Tomohiro Nakayama | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(11): 5488 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 38 |
Costunolide Induces Apoptosis via the Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Kinase B Pathway in Oral Cancer Cells |
|
| Hai Huang, Jun-Koo Yi, Su-Geun Lim, Sijun Park, Haibo Zhang, Eungyung Kim, Soyoung Jang, Mee-Hyun Lee, Kangdong Liu, Ki-Rim Kim, Eun-Kyong Kim, Youngkyun Lee, Sung-Hyun Kim, Zae-Young Ryoo, Myoung Ok Kim | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(14): 7509 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 39 |
FLLL32 Triggers Caspase-Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death in Human Oral Cancer Cells by Regulating the p38 Pathway |
|
| Chun-Wen Su, Chun-Yi Chuang, Yi-Tzu Chen, Wei-En Yang, Yi-Ping Pan, Chiao-Wen Lin, Shun-Fa Yang | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(21): 11860 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 40 |
Genetic Variants of lncRNA GAS5 Are Associated with the Clinicopathologic Development of Oral Cancer |
|
| Ming-Hong Hsieh, Hsueh-Ju Lu, Chiao-Wen Lin, Chia-Yi Lee, Shang-Jung Yang, Pei-Hsuan Wu, Mu-Kuan Chen, Shun-Fa Yang | | Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11(5): 348 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 41 |
Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 Regulate STAT3 Activation Migration/Invasion and EMT in Chrysophanol-Treated Oral Cancer Cell Lines |
|
| Po-Chih Hsu, Yi-Hsuan Chen, Ching-Feng Cheng, Chan-Yen Kuo, Huey-Kang Sytwu | | Life. 2021; 11(5): 423 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 42 |
YAP-Dependent BiP Induction Is Involved in Nicotine-Mediated Oral Cancer Malignancy |
|
| Chu-Yen Chien, Ying-Chen Chen, Chia-Chen Hsu, Yu-Ting Chou, Shine-Gwo Shiah, Shyun-Yeu Liu, Alexander Cheng-Ting Hsieh, Ching-Yu Yen, Chien-Hsing Lee, Yi-Shing Shieh | | Cells. 2021; 10(8): 2080 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 43 |
Malignancies and Biosensors: A Focus on Oral Cancer Detection through Salivary Biomarkers |
|
| Riccardo Goldoni, Alessandra Scolaro, Elisa Boccalari, Carolina Dolci, Antonio Scarano, Francesco Inchingolo, Paolo Ravazzani, Paola Muti, Gianluca Tartaglia | | Biosensors. 2021; 11(10): 396 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 44 |
Noninvasive Imaging Methods to Improve the Diagnosis of Oral Carcinoma and Its Precursors: State of the Art and Proposal of a Three-Step Diagnostic Process |
|
| Antonio Romano, Dario Di Stasio, Massimo Petruzzi, Fausto Fiori, Carlo Lajolo, Andrea Santarelli, Alberta Lucchese, Rosario Serpico, Maria Contaldo | | Cancers. 2021; 13(12): 2864 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 45 |
High-Risk Human Papillomavirus and Epstein–Barr Virus Coinfection: A Potential Role in Head and Neck Carcinogenesis |
|
| Rancés Blanco, Diego Carrillo-Beltrán, Alejandro H. Corvalán, Francisco Aguayo | | Biology. 2021; 10(12): 1232 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 46 |
Flavopereirine Suppresses the Progression of Human Oral Cancer by Inhibiting the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway via Targeting LASP1 |
|
| Junwu Xu, Zhiyuan Wu, Jian Huang | | Drug Design, Development and Therapy. 2021; Volume 15: 1705 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 47 |
Possible Immunotherapeutic Strategies Based on Carcinogen-Dependent Subgroup Classification for Oral Cancer |
|
| Jiwei Sun, Qingming Tang, Junyuan Zhang, Guangjin Chen, Jinfeng Peng, Lili Chen | | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 2021; 8 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 48 |
Impact of Multidisciplinary Team Management on the Survival Rate of Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Cohort Study Meta-analysis |
|
| Changyi Shang, Linfei Feng, Ying Gu, Houlin Hong, Lilin Hong, Jun Hou | | Frontiers in Oncology. 2021; 11 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 49 |
Oral health in a context of public health: prevention-related issue |
|
| Betty Berezovsky, Vladimír Bencko | | Central European Journal of Public Health. 2021; 29(4): 317 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 50 |
Association of Socio-Demographic and Clinicopathological Risk Factors with Oral Cancers: A 19-Year Retrospective Study |
|
| Paras Ahmad, Anas Imran Arshad, Majid Jehangir, Rizwan Mahmood, Gul Muhammad Shaikh, Mohammad Khursheed Alam, Tang Liszen, Jawaad Ahmed Asif | | Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada. 2021; 21 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 51 |
Global, regional, and national burden and quality of care index (QCI) of lip and oral cavity cancer: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2017 |
|
| Ahmad Sofi-Mahmudi, Masoud Masinaei, Erfan Shamsoddin, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Mohammad-Hossein Heydari, Shervan Shoaee, Erfan Ghasemi, Sina Azadnajafabad, Shahin Roshani, Negar Rezaei, Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi, Reyhaneh Kalantar Mehrjardi, Amir Ali Hajebi, Bagher Larijani, Farshad Farzadfar | | BMC Oral Health. 2021; 21(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 52 |
Ferroptosis-related gene signature predicts the prognosis in Oral squamous cell carcinoma patients |
|
| Hongyu Li, Xiliu Zhang, Chen Yi, Yi He, Xun Chen, Wei Zhao, Dongsheng Yu | | BMC Cancer. 2021; 21(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 53 |
Chemical-Induced Oral Squamous Cell Neoplasms in Rodents: An Overview of NTP 2-Year Cancer Studies |
|
| Ruba Ibrahim, Amy Brix, David E. Malarkey, Abraham Nyska, Michal Asif, Yuval Ramot | | Toxicologic Pathology. 2021; 49(5): 1062 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 54 |
Sesamol induces cytotoxicity via mitochondrial apoptosis in SCC-25 cells |
|
| D Ezhilarasan, D Ali, R Varghese | | Human & Experimental Toxicology. 2021; : 0960327121 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 55 |
Oral Cancer: Raising Awareness of the Importance of Suspicion in Early Detection |
|
| Farooq Ahmed, Honieh Bolooki, Senathrajah Ariyaratnam, Michael N. Pemberton | | Primary Dental Journal. 2021; 10(1): 10 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 56 |
Exploring the Mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Efficacy against Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis |
|
| Fanfan Hou, Yang Liu, YaHsin Cheng, Ni Zhang, Wenpeng Yan, Fang Zhang, Arham Shabbir | | Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2021; 2021: 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 57 |
The role of Nodal and Cripto-1 in human oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Hussein Daraghma, Gustavo Untiveros, Aleksandr Raskind, Emanuela Iaccarino, Annamaria Sandomenico, Menotti Ruvo, Hilal Arnouk, Mae J. Ciancio, Maria Cuevas-Nunez, Luigi Strizzi | | Oral Diseases. 2021; 27(5): 1137 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 58 |
Repurposing disulfiram to induce OSCC cell death by cristae dysfunction promoted autophagy |
|
| Zhen Wang, Han Jiang, Lu-Yao Cai, Ning Ji, Xin Zeng, Yu Zhou, Ying-Qiang Shen, Qian-Ming Chen | | Oral Diseases. 2021; 27(5): 1148 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 59 |
A call for an established oral cancer classification by etiology and revision of related terminology |
|
| John Adeoye, Peter Thomson | | Oral Diseases. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 60 |
Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 modulates malignant behaviour of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells |
|
| Antonio Celentano, Tami Yap, Rita Paolini, Callisthenis Yiannis, Michiko Mirams, Kendrick Koo, Michael McCullough, Nicola Cirillo | | Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine. 2021; 50(3): 323 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 61 |
Autoimmune disease and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review |
|
| Anjali Pillai, Dauren Adilbay, Konstantina Matsoukas, Ian Ganly, Snehal G. Patel | | Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine. 2021; 50(9): 855 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 62 |
Extracellular vesicles miR-210 as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and survival prediction of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients |
|
| Elisabetta Bigagli, Luca Giovanni Locatello, Arianna Di Stadio, Giandomenico Maggiore, Francesca Valdarnini, Franco Bambi, Oreste Gallo, Cristina Luceri | | Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 63 |
Loss of NF-kB1 and c-Rel accelerates oral carcinogenesis in mice |
|
| Yanhong Ni, Tami Yap, Natasha Silke, John Silke, Michael McCullough, Antonio Celentano, Lorraine A. O’Reilly | | Oral Diseases. 2021; 27(2): 168 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 64 |
Overexpression of RRM2 is related to poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Shuo Wang, Xiao-Long Wang, Zhi-Zhong Wu, Qi-Chao Yang, Hong-Gang Xiong, Yao Xiao, Hao Li, Zhi-Jun Sun | | Oral Diseases. 2021; 27(2): 204 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 65 |
Improving performance of the hospitalization process by applying the principles of Lean Thinking |
|
| Antonella Fiorillo, Alfonso Sorrentino, Arianna Scala, Vincenzo Abbate, Giovanni Dell'aversana Orabona | | The TQM Journal. 2021; 33(7): 253 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 66 |
Arecoline induces epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and promotes metastasis of oral cancer by SAA1 expression |
|
| Hui Ren, Guoqin He, Zhiyuan Lu, Qianting He, Shuai Li, Zhexun Huang, Zheng Chen, Congyuan Cao, Anxun Wang | | Cancer Science. 2021; 112(6): 2173 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 67 |
Elective node dissection versus observation for management of patients with early-stage cT1/T2N0 tongue carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies |
|
| Albaraa Y. Alsini, Hemail M. Alsubaie, Hani Z. Marzouki, Ahmed Abu-Zaid, Khalid Al-Qahtani | | Clinical Otolaryngology. 2021; 46(4): 720 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 68 |
Evaluation of head and neck cancer education at European dental schools |
|
| Marcella R. Poelman, Henk S. Brand, Laura Foppen, Jan G.A.M. Visscher, Derk H. Jan Jager | | European Journal of Dental Education. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 69 |
Liquiritigenin exerts the anti-cancer role in oral cancer via inducing autophagy-related apoptosis through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibition in vitro and in vivo |
|
| Yingchen Ji, Weiwei Hu, Yan Jin, Huiming Yu, Jin Fang | | Bioengineered. 2021; 12(1): 6070 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 70 |
The Effectiveness of Betel Quid Cessation among Workers through the Adoption of the Five Action Areas of the Ottawa Charter |
|
| Ming-Feng Tseng, Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai, Chien-Yuan Wu, Ching-Chiang Lin, Ruey-Hong Wong | | Substance Use & Misuse. 2021; 56(5): 718 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 71 |
Current and emerging techniques for oral cancer screening and diagnosis: a review |
|
| Sapna R Bisht, Pratibha Mishra, Deep Yadav, Rakesh Rawal, Karla P Mercado-Shekhar | | Progress in Biomedical Engineering. 2021; 3(4): 042003 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 72 |
Identification of hub genes in common cancers of women in India and targeting for the search of anticancer agent from Punica granatum phytoconstituent using interaction network analysis and virtual screening |
|
| Anamika Mishra, Viswajit Mulpuru, Nidhi Mishra | | Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics. 2021; : 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 73 |
Trend Analysis of Head and Neck Neoplasms between 2012–2018 in Patients Residing in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study |
|
| Maha T. Alsharif, Alla T. Alsharif, Majid A. Krsoum, Mazen A. Aljohani, Osama M. Qadiri, Abdulkarim A. Alharbi, Sadeq A. Al-Maweri, Saman Warnakulasuriya, Saba Kassim | | European Journal of Dentistry. 2021; 15(03): 509 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 74 |
Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Nursing and Technical Students in Croatia |
|
| Tomislav Cabov, Ksenija Eljuga, Petra Nola Fuchs, Maja Kinkela Devcic, Jelena Prpic, Zoran Kovac, Zrinka Puharic, Irena Glazar, Mirna Zulec | | European Journal of Dentistry. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 75 |
NOTCH1 mutations as prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Yah-Huei Wu-Chou, Chia-Hsun Hsieh, Chun-Ta Liao, Yin-Ting Lin, Wen-Lang Fan, Cheng-Han Yang | | Pathology - Research and Practice. 2021; 223: 153474 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 76 |
From Simple Mouth Cavities to Complex Oral Mucosal Disorders—Curcuminoids as a Promising Therapeutic Approach |
|
| Sosmitha Girisa, Aviral Kumar, Varsha Rana, Dey Parama, Uzini Devi Daimary, Saman Warnakulasuriya, Alan Prem Kumar, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara | | ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science. 2021; 4(2): 647 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 77 |
The Inequitable Global Burden of Lip and Oral Cancers: Widening Disparities Across Countries |
|
| Jack A. Harris, Collin A. Ritchie, Glenn J. Hanna, Joseph P. McCain, Yisi D. Ji | | Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2021; 79(6): 1364 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 78 |
Novel Prediction Models for Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma at Different Anatomical Sites |
|
| Keyuan Liu, Chen Lin, Linkun Zhang | | Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2021; 79(11): 2358 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 79 |
Porphyromonas gingivalis in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A review |
|
| Suchitra Singh, Ajay Kumar Singh | | Microbes and Infection. 2021; : 104925 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 80 |
An ulcerated nodule on the tip of the tongue of a patient with skin lesions |
|
| Ana Gabriela Costa Normando, Carla Isabelly Rodrigues-Fernandes, Mariana de Pauli Paglioni, Lady Paola Aristizabal Arboleda, Leticia de Franceschi, Pablo Agustin Vargas, Márcio Ajudarte Lopes, Alan Roger Santos-Silva | | Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 81 |
Identification of key miRNAs and targeted genes involved in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Yuxi Gu, Shouyi Tang, Zhen Wang, Luyao Cai, Yingqiang Shen, Yu Zhou | | Journal of Dental Sciences. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 82 |
Homeobox gene amplification and methylation in oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro Rodrigues, Flávia Caló Aquino Xavier, Carina Duarte Esteves, Rebeca Barros Nascimento, Juliana Stephan Nobile, Patrícia Severino, Rafael de Cicco, Tatiana Natasha Toporcov, Eloiza Helena Tajara, Fábio Daumas Nunes | | Archives of Oral Biology. 2021; 129: 105195 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 83 |
Chlorpromazine, an antipsychotic agent, induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis via regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR-mediated autophagy pathways in human oral cancer |
|
| An-Jie Jhou, Hao-Chiun Chang, Chih-Chang Hung, Han-Chen Lin, Yi-Chen Lee, Wang-ta Liu, Kuang-Fen Han, Yu-Wei Lai, Mei-Ying Lin, Chien-Hsing Lee | | Biochemical Pharmacology. 2021; 184: 114403 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 84 |
Resveratrol effects in oral cancer cells: a comprehensive review |
|
| Tamires Cunha Almeida, Glenda Nicioli da Silva, Daniel Vitor de Souza, Andrea Cristina de Moraes Malinverni, Odair Aguiar, Debora Estadella, Daniel Araki Ribeiro | | Medical Oncology. 2021; 38(8) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 85 |
Oral Medicine Experience and Attitudes Toward Oral Cancer: An Evaluation of Dentists Working in Primary Health Care |
|
| Jéssica Rodriguez Strey, Michelle Roxo-Gonçalves, Bianca Dutra Guzenski, Marco Antonio Trevizani Martins, Juliana Romanini, Maria Antonia Zancanaro de Figueiredo, Otávio Pereira D’Ávila, Marcelo Rodrigues Gonçalves, Roberto Nunes Umpierre, Erno Harzheim, Laura de Campos Hildebrand, Vinicius Coelho Carrard | | Journal of Cancer Education. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 86 |
Der Tumormarker Sialinsäure |
|
| K. Passek, M. H. Bendels, D. Ohlendorf, G. M. Oremek | | Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie. 2021; 71(1): 44 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 87 |
Smoking-cessation advice from dental care professionals and its association with smoking status |
|
| Sandhya Yadav, Myoungsob Lee, Young-Rock Hong | | The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 88 |
Smoking and XPC Gene Polymorphism Interact to Modulate the Risk of Oral Cancer |
|
| Kumud Nigam, Fahad M. Samadi, Saurabh Srivastava, Shadab Mohammad, Somali Sanyal | | Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery. 2021; 20(4): 607 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 89 |
Knowledge of Oral Cancer by a Brazilian Population |
|
| Soraya de Mattos Camargo Grossmann, Ana Carolina Ribeiro Sales, Daniela Silva Reis, Joyce Caroline Guimarăes, Maíra Teixeira Silva, Poliane Caroline Gonçalves de Ceno, Regiane Kelly Mendes de Sá, Fábio Fernandes Borém Bruzinga, Paulo Eduardo Alencar de Souza | | Journal of Cancer Education. 2021; 36(5): 965 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 90 |
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein regulates tumorigenesis of arecoline-promoted human oral carcinoma |
|
| Xia Li, Xiaoli Xie, Yangcong Gu, Jianming Zhang, Jiang Song, Xiufeng Cheng, Yijun Gao, Yilong Ai | | Cancer Medicine. 2021; 10(18): 6402 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 91 |
Assessment of salivary thioredoxin levels in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Maryam Amirchaghmaghi, Roya Mahfoozi, Zohreh Dalirsani, Leila Vazifeh Mostaan, Seyed Isaac Hashemy, Mohammad Taghi Shakeri | | Clinical and Experimental Dental Research. 2021; 7(4): 574 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 92 |
Impact of treatment delay on survival of oral/oropharyngeal cancers: Results of a nationwide screening program |
|
| William Wang-Yu Su, Yi-Huah Lee, Amy Ming-Fang Yen, Sam Li-Sheng Chen, Chen-Yang Hsu, Sherry Yueh-Hsia Chiu, Jean Ching-Yuan Fann, Yi-Chia Lee, Han-Mo Chiu, Shu-Chun Hsiao, Tsui-Hsia Hsu, Hsiu-Hsi Chen | | Head & Neck. 2021; 43(2): 473 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 93 |
Anticancer activity of Vicenin-2 against 7,12 dimethylbenz[
a
]anthracene-induced buccal pouch carcinoma in hamsters
|
|
| Yijun Li, Yi Zheng, Huibo Wang | | Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology. 2021; 35(3) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 94 |
Hepatitis B X-interacting protein, involved in increasing proliferation and cell migration, is a prognostic marker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Xue Meng, Taisuke Mori, Fumihiko Matsumoto, Nami Miura, Kaoru Onidani, Kenya Kobayashi, Yusuke Matsuzaki, Seiichi Yoshimoto, Katsuhisa Ikeda, Kazufumi Honda | | Oral Science International. 2021; 18(3): 217 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 95 |
Microbial community alteration in tongue squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Peng Ye, Ye Liu, Ye-Jun Cai, Hong Yang, Hong-Tao Xu, Zhi-Yue Lu | | Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2021; 105(21-22): 8457 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 96 |
Interaction of tobacco chewing and smoking habit with interleukin 6 promoter polymorphism in oral precancerous lesions and oral cancer |
|
| Yadvendra Shahi, Sayali Mukherjee, Fahad M. Samadi | | European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. 2021; 278(10): 4011 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 97 |
Knowledge of Oral Cancer Amongst Dental Patients Attending Public Clinics in South East Queensland, Australia |
|
| Li-chen Yang, Alan Yang, Lin Na Chen, Norman Firth, Soorebettu Ramananda Prabhu, Jessica Zachar | | Journal of Cancer Education. 2020; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 98 |
Dentists Behavioral Factors Influencing Early Detection of Oral Cancer: Direct Clinical Observational Study |
|
| Mohammed Jafer, Rik Crutzen, Esam Halboub, Ibtisam Moafa, Bart van den Borne, Amal Bajonaid, Alhassen Jafer, Ismaeel Hedad | | Journal of Cancer Education. 2020; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 99 |
Analysis of risk factors for multiple primary oral squamous cell carcinoma: a cohort study |
|
| Xiaoyu Lin, Xiaoshan Wu, Aly Gomaa, Jie Chen, Limeng Wu, Xiaoyue Xie, Yaqin Hu, Canhua Jiang | | Clinical Oral Investigations. 2020; 24(9): 3147 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 100 |
MIR4435-2HG regulates cancer cell behaviors in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell growth by upregulating TGF-ß1 |
|
| Huan Shen, Bin Sun, Yongjin Yang, Xingwei Cai, Lixia Bi, Lin Deng, Luyue Zhang | | Odontology. 2020; 108(4): 553 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 101 |
Genetic alterations and clinical dimensions of oral cancer: a review |
|
| Keerthana Karunakaran, Rajiniraja Muniyan | | Molecular Biology Reports. 2020; 47(11): 9135 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 102 |
Elective Neck Dissection Versus Observation in cT1–T2 Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis of 11,973 Patients |
|
| Mohammad Akheel, Rinku K. George, Sukirti Tiwari, Amit Jain, Qutubuddin Chahwala, Ashmi Wadhwania | | Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery. 2020; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 103 |
Drug delivery based pharmacological enhancement and current insights of quercetin with therapeutic potential against oral diseases |
|
| Yu Wang, Baoxin Tao, Yao Wan, Yue Sun, Lin Wang, Jiao Sun, Chunyan Li | | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2020; 128: 110372 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 104 |
Hypoxia responsiveness linked variant in EGLN1 gene is enriched in oral cancer patients |
|
| Immaculate Francis, Madhuri Arcot, Azeem Mohiyuddin S.M., Sharath Balakrishna | | Archives of Oral Biology. 2020; 116: 104767 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 105 |
Capsule network based analysis of histopathological images of oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Santisudha Panigrahi, Jayshankar Das, Tripti Swarnkar | | Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences. 2020; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 106 |
The interplay of the oral microbiome and alcohol consumption in oral squamous cell carcinomas |
|
| Isabel O'Grady, Aisling Anderson, Jeff O'Sullivan | | Oral Oncology. 2020; 110: 105011 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 107 |
Hypertension is associated with oral, laryngeal, and esophageal cancer: a nationwide population-based study |
|
| Jae-Hyun Seo, Young-Du Kim, Chan-Seok Park, Kyung-do Han, Young-Hoon Joo | | Scientific Reports. 2020; 10(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 108 |
Kava constituents exert selective anticancer effects in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro |
|
| Antonio Celentano, Callisthenis Yiannis, Rita Paolini, Pangzhen Zhang, Camile S. Farah, Nicola Cirillo, Tami Yap, Michael McCullough | | Scientific Reports. 2020; 10(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 109 |
The oral health impact of electronic cigarette use: a systematic review |
|
| Irene Yang, Shelly Sandeep, Jeannie Rodriguez | | Critical Reviews in Toxicology. 2020; 50(2): 97 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 110 |
LINC00941 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via activating CAPRIN2 and canonical WNT/ß-catenin signaling pathway |
|
| Yilong Ai, Siyuan Wu, Chen Zou, Haigang Wei | | Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. 2020; 24(18): 10512 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 111 |
Salivary LDH in oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
|
| Óscar Iglesias-Velázquez, Rosa María López-Pintor, José González-Serrano, Elisabeth Casańas, Jesús Torres, Gonzalo Hernández | | Oral Diseases. 2020; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 112 |
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of general medical practitioners in developed countries regarding oral cancer: an integrative review |
|
| Nidhi Saraswat, Bronwyn Everett, Rona Pillay, Neeta Prabhu, Ajesh George | | Family Practice. 2020; 37(5): 592 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 113 |
Traditional Chinese medicine for oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Dong Wang, XiaoJie Duan, Yuhui Zhang, Zhen Meng, Jing Wang | | Medicine. 2020; 99(43): e22955 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 114 |
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of South Asian immigrants in developed countries regarding oral cancer: an integrative review |
|
| Nidhi Saraswat, Rona Pillay, Bronwyn Everett, Ajesh George | | BMC Cancer. 2020; 20(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 115 |
Oropharyngeal cancer |
|
| Carolina Watters, Sabrina Brar, Claire Richards, Rafal Niziol | | InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice. 2020; 13(11): 650 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 116 |
Induction of apoptosis by methanol extracts of Ficus carica L. in FaDu human hypopharynx squamous carcinoma cells |
|
| Seul Ah Lee, Bo-Ram Park, Chun Sung Kim | | International Journal of Oral Biology. 2020; 45(3): 99 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 117 |
Uyumsuz Protezle Iliskili Skuamöz Hücreli Karsinom: Olgu Sunumu |
|
| Özlem Büsra DOGAN, Seyda IRIAGAÇ, Hatice BOYACIOGLU | | OSMANGAZI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. 2020; 42(5): 158 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 118 |
LncRNA LUADT1 Promotes Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Proliferation by Regulating miR-34a/GAS1 Axis |
|
| Lirong Gao, Siming Wang, Junru Meng, Yugang Sun | | Cancer Management and Research. 2020; Volume 12: 3401 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 119 |
Development and Validation of Autophagy-Related Gene Signature and Nomogram for Predicting Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
|
| Chen Hou, Hongshi Cai, Yue Zhu, Shuojin Huang, Fan Song, Jinsong Hou | | Frontiers in Oncology. 2020; 10 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 120 |
Droplet Digital PCR Analysis of Liquid Biopsy Samples Unveils the Diagnostic Role of hsa-miR-133a-3p and hsa-miR-375-3p in Oral Cancer |
|
| Salvatore Crimi, Luca Falzone, Giuseppe Gattuso, Caterina Maria Grillo, Saverio Candido, Alberto Bianchi, Massimo Libra | | Biology. 2020; 9(11): 379 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 121 |
Ilimaquinone Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells |
|
| Cheng-Wen Lin, Li-Yuan Bai, Jui-Hsin Su, Chang-Fang Chiu, Wei-Yu Lin, Wei-Ting Huang, Ming-Cheng Shih, Yu-Ting Huang, Jing-Lan Hu, Jing-Ru Weng | | Biomedicines. 2020; 8(9): 296 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 122 |
A Review: Electrochemical Biosensors for Oral Cancer |
|
| Yen-Tzu Lin, Sorour Darvishi, Anant Preet, Tzu-Yen Huang, Sheng-Hsuan Lin, Hubert H. Girault, Ligang Wang, Tzu-En Lin | | Chemosensors. 2020; 8(3): 54 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 123 |
High Expression of KLF10 Is Associated with Favorable Survival in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
|
| Chung-Min Yeh, Yi-Ju Lee, Po-Yun Ko, Yueh-Min Lin, Wen-Wei Sung | | Medicina. 2020; 57(1): 17 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 124 |
The Malignant Role of Exosomes as Nanocarriers of Rare RNA Species |
|
| Alina-Andreea Zimta, Olafur Eysteinn Sigurjonsson, Diana Gulei, Ciprian Tomuleasa | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(16): 5866 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 125 |
Single-Cell Analysis of Different Stages of Oral Cancer Carcinogenesis in a Mouse Model |
|
| Ling-Yu Huang, Yi-Ping Hsieh, Yen-Yun Wang, Daw-Yang Hwang, Shih Sheng Jiang, Wen-Tsung Huang, Wei-Fan Chiang, Ko-Jiunn Liu, Tze-Ta Huang | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(21): 8171 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 126 |
Autophagy—A Hidden but Important Actor on Oral Cancer Scene |
|
| Totan Alexandra, Imre Melescanu Marina, Miricescu Daniela, Stanescu Iulia Ioana, BencZe Maria, Radulescu Radu, Tancu Ana Maria, Spinu Tudor, Greabu Maria | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(23): 9325 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 127 |
Molecular mechanisms of tobacco induced oral and oropharyngeal cancer: Results of a tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry-based study from a tertiary cancer center in India |
|
| Arjun Agarwal, Cheena Garg, MS Ganesh, Sreekanth Reddy | | Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology. 2020; 63(1): 7 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 128 |
Oral microbiome and oral cancer – The probable nexus |
|
| PriyaNimish Deo, Revati Deshmukh | | Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 2020; 24(2): 361 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 129 |
Genetic predisposition and prediction protocol for epithelial neoplasms in disease-free individuals: A systematic review |
|
| J Gowthami, N Gururaj, V Mahalakshmi, R Sathya, TR Sabarinath, DaffneyMano Doss | | Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 2020; 24(2): 293 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 130 |
Effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine on the invasion and migration of head and neck squamous cancer cells and analysis of the underlying mechanisms |
|
| Laura Mosca, Michele Minopoli, Martina Pagano, Francesca Vitiello, Maria Carriero, Giovanna Cacciapuoti, Marina Porcelli | | International Journal of Oncology. 2020; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 131 |
Genome-wide CRISPR screens of oral squamous cell carcinoma reveal fitness genes in the Hippo pathway |
|
| Annie Wai Yeeng Chai, Pei San Yee, Stacey Price, Shi Mun Yee, Hui Mei Lee, Vivian KH Tiong, Emanuel Gonçalves, Fiona M Behan, Jessica Bateson, James Gilbert, Aik Choon Tan, Ultan McDermott, Mathew J Garnett, Sok Ching Cheong | | eLife. 2020; 9 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 132 |
miR-155, miR-191, and miR-494 as diagnostic biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma and the effects of Avastin on these biomarkers |
|
| Naghmeh Emami, Abdolreza Mohamadnia, Masoumeh Mirzaei, Mohammad Bayat, Farnoush Mohammadi, Naghmeh Bahrami | | Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. 2020; 46(5): 341 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 133 |
Comparison of histopathological and clinical prognostic factors of oral squamous cell carcinomas |
|
| J. Michálek, R. Pink, Z. Dvorák, S. Brychtová, D. Král, P. Tvrdý, Z. Kolár | | Ceská stomatologie/Praktické zubní lékarství. 2019; 119(3): 68 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 134 |
Public Awareness Regarding Oral Cancer and Its Risk Factors in Hail City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |
|
| Ammar A Siddiqui, Saif Khan, Yazeed S Altamimi, Moaath A Alsayegh, Omar S Almansour, Hamoud A Alanizy, Ibrahim S Alfawzan, Sattam S Alshammari | | World Journal of Dentistry. 2019; 10(1): 41 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 135 |
Different oral cancer scenarios to personalize targeted therapy: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy translational studies |
|
| Andrea Monti Hughes, Jessica A Goldfinger, Iara S Santa Cruz, Emiliano CC Pozzi, Silvia Thorp, Paula Curotto, Marcela A Garabalino, María E Itoiz, Mónica A Palmieri, Paula Ramos, Elisa M Heber, Romina F Aromando, David W Nigg, Hanna Koivunoro, Verónica A Trivillin, Amanda E Schwint | | Therapeutic Delivery. 2019; 10(6): 353 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 136 |
Cisplatin effect on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells is modulated by ERK1/2 protein kinases |
|
| Marinela Bostan, Georgiana Petrica-Matei, Gabriela Ion, Nicoleta Radu, Mirela Mihaila, Razvan Hainarosie, Lorelei Brasoveanu, Viviana Roman, Carolina Constantin, Monica Neagu | | Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2019; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 137 |
A Molecular Implicatory Propositioning Roles for Human Cytomegalovirus and P16 Gene Expression in Oral Squamous Cellular Carcinogenesis |
|
| Hayat Ghaith Sachit, Taghreed F. Almahbobi, Zahraa Muhsen M. Ali, Saad Hasan Mohammed Ali, Shakir H. Mohammed Al-Alwany | | Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology. 2019; 13(4): 2333 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 138 |
Oral cancers and the role of dentists |
|
| Hamed Deveci, Dilek Aynur Ugar Çankal | | Ortadogu Tip Dergisi. 2019; 11(1): 78 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 139 |
Assessing the potential role of neutrophil elastase as a prognostic indicator in oral squamous cell carcinoma |
|
| Pooja Jaiswal, Supriya Kheur, Pratiksha Mahajan, A. Thirumal Raj, Mamatha Reddy, Roopa Madalli, Nitin Gupta | | Forum of Clinical Oncology. 2019; 10(2): 34 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 140 |
Acrolein Is Involved in the Synergistic Potential of Cigarette Smoking– and Betel Quid Chewing–Related Human Oral Cancer |
|
| Han-Hsing Tsou, Chih-Hung Hu, Jin-Hui Liu, Chung-Ji Liu, Chien-Hung Lee, Tsung-Yun Liu, Hsiang-Tsui Wang | | Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 2019; 28(5): 954 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 141 |
MiR-638 suppresses the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma through wnt/ß-catenin pathway by targeting phospholipase D1 |
|
| Kai-Liang Tang, Han-Ying Tang, Yi- Du, Tian Tian, Shi-Jiang Xiong | | Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology. 2019; 47(1): 3278 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 142 |
The role of long non-coding RNA ANRIL in the carcinogenesis of oral cancer by targeting miR-125a |
|
| Luyi Chai, Yongping Yuan, Chao Chen, Jianbo Zhou, Yanyan Wu | | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2018; 103: 38 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 143 |
Oral Health Care in the Future: Expansion of the Scope of Dental Practice to Improve Health |
|
| Ira B. Lamster, Noreen Myers-Wright | | Journal of Dental Education. 2017; 81(9): eS83 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 144 |
The bidirectional association between oral cancer and esophageal cancer: A population-based study in Taiwan over a 28-year period |
|
| Kuan-Der Lee, Ting-Yao Wang, Chang-Hsien Lu, Cih-En Huang, Min-Chi Chen | | Oncotarget. 2017; 8(27): 44567 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | |
|
 |
 |
|